Born May 26, 1958 · Dalton, MA · age 68
Assembled core pieces of Boston's eventual 2004 champion, then orchestrated the Baltimore Orioles' surprising return to contention in the 2010s after a long absence.
18 seasons with salary-era data across 3 stints. All figures are franchise-level outcomes during the tenure, not solely attributable to one executive.
Share of gross-positive acquired fWAR by channel (vs. league average).
Acquired minus surrendered / signed minus walked.
| Team | Role | Years | Szns | WAB | WAB/yr | TAB | WAR surp | HG | Trade | FA | R5 | AcqLev | W-L% | PO | Pen | WS | Surp $M |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ▸ Orioles | GM | 2012–2018 | 7 | -9.0 | -1.28 | -31.2 | -66.7 | +62.1 | -33.2 | -58.9 | +8.9 | 0.86 | 0.499 | 3 | – | – | -225 |
| ▸ Red Sox | GM | 1995–2002 | 8 | +19.5 | +2.44 | +38.1 | -75.9 | +63.5 | -31.9 | -19.7 | -1.8 | 1.76 | 0.544 | 3 | – | – | -116 |
| ▸ Nationals | GM | 1992–1994 | 3 | +55.3 | +18.44 | +42.1 | +47.8 | +87.3 | +5.1 | -54.7 | -0.2 | 1.11 | 0.582 | – | – | – | +45 |
| Career total (1985+ data) | 18 | +65.9 | +49.0 | -94.9 | +212.9 | -60.0 | -133.3 | +6.9 | 1.38 | 0.532 | 6 | – | – | -295 | |||
| Player | Pos | Team | How | Year | fWAR |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vladimir Guerrero | OF | WSN | Intl FA | 1993 | +33.8 |
| Kevin Youkilis | 1B/3B | BOS | Draft | 2001 | +28.7 |
| Manny Ramirez | OF | BOS | Free agency | 2000 | +26.6 |
| Tim Wakefield | P | BOS | Free agency | 1995 | +26.3 |
| Javier Vázquez | P | WSN | Draft | 1994 | +26.1 |
| Jon Lester | P | BOS | Draft | 2002 | +23.5 |
| Jason Varitek | C | BOS | Trade | 1997 | +21.2 |
| Derek Lowe | P | BOS | Trade | 1997 | +18.0 |
| José Vidro | 2B | WSN | Draft | 1992 | +16.4 |
| Cedric Mullins | OF | BAL | Draft | 2015 | +14.0 |
| Johnny Damon | OF | BOS | Free agency | 2001 | +13.9 |
| Orlando Cabrera | SS | WSN | Intl FA | 1993 | +10.2 |
| Tom Gordon | P | BOS | Free agency | 1995 | +10.1 |
| Kevin Gausman | P | BAL | Draft | 2012 | +9.5 |
| Anthony Santander | OF | BAL | Rule 5 | 2016 | +9.4 |
| Wei-Yin Chen | P | BAL | Intl FA | 2012 | +9.3 |
| Dean Kremer | P | BAL | Trade | 2018 | +7.7 |
| Austin Hays | OF | BAL | Draft | 2016 | +7.2 |
| John Means | P | BAL | Draft | 2014 | +7.1 |
| Trey Mancini | 1B/DH/OF | BAL | Draft | 2013 | +6.8 |
| Ryan Mountcastle | 1B | BAL | Draft | 2015 | +6.0 |
| Bret Saberhagen | P | BOS | Free agency | 1996 | +5.8 |
| Darren Bragg | OF | BOS | Trade | 1996 | +5.7 |
| José Canseco | DH/OF | BOS | Free agency | 1995 | +5.5 |
| Carl Everett | OF | BOS | Trade | 1999 | +5.3 |
| Sean Berry | 3B | WSN | Trade | 1992 | +5.3 |
| Brian Daubach | 1B | BOS | Free agency | 1998 | +4.9 |
| Ubaldo Jiménez | P | BAL | Free agency | 2014 | +4.8 |
| Steve Pearce | 1B/OF | BAL | Free agency | 2014 | +4.6 |
| José Offerman | 2B/SS | BOS | Free agency | 1998 | +4.6 |
| John Burkett | P | BOS | Free agency | 2001 | +4.4 |
| Mike Stanley | C | BOS | Free agency | 1995 | +4.4 |
| Erik Hanson | P | BOS | Free agency | 1995 | +4.1 |
| Reggie Jefferson | DH | BOS | Free agency | 1995 | +4.0 |
| Brad Brach | P | BAL | Trade | 2013 | +3.9 |
| Nelson Cruz | DH/OF | BAL | Free agency | 2014 | +3.9 |
| Frank Castillo | P | BOS | Free agency | 2000 | +3.9 |
| Butch Henry | P | WSN | Trade | 1993 | +3.7 |
| Miguel González | P | BAL | Trade | 2012 | +3.6 |
| Keegan Akin | P | BAL | Draft | 2016 | +3.2 |
| Casey Fossum | P | BOS | Draft | 1999 | +3.2 |
| Darren O'Day | P | BAL | Free agency | 2015 | +3.1 |
| Hideo Nomo | P | BOS | Free agency | 2000 | +3.0 |
| Darren Lewis | OF | BOS | Free agency | 1997 | +2.9 |
| Mike Thurman | P | WSN | Draft | 1994 | +2.9 |
| Manny Delcarmen | P | BOS | Draft | 2000 | +2.6 |
| Zane Smith | P | BOS | Free agency | 1995 | +2.4 |
| Nate McLouth | OF | BAL | Free agency | 2012 | +2.2 |
| Mike Benjamin | 3B/SS | BOS | Free agency | 1997 | +2.2 |
| Rich Garcés | P | BOS | Free agency | 1995 | +2.1 |
| Shea Hillenbrand | 1B/3B | BOS | Draft | 1996 | +2.1 |
| Paul Fry | P | BAL | Trade | 2017 | +2.0 |
| Welington Castillo | C | BAL | Free agency | 2016 | +1.9 |
| Jeff Frye | 2B | BOS | Free agency | 1996 | +1.9 |
| Heathcliff Slocumb | P | BOS | Trade | 1996 | +1.9 |
| Joey Rickard | OF | BAL | Rule 5 | 2015 | +1.8 |
| Rheal Cormier | P | BOS | Trade | 1995 | +1.7 |
| Jeff Fassero | P | BOS | Free agency | 1999 | +1.7 |
| Richard Bleier | P | BAL | Trade | 2017 | +1.6 |
| Alex Cobb | P | BAL | Free agency | 2018 | +1.6 |
| Rheal Cormier | P | BOS | Free agency | 1999 | +1.6 |
| Pat Rapp | P | BOS | Free agency | 1999 | +1.6 |
| Hyun Soo Kim | OF | BAL | Draft | 2016 | +1.5 |
| Tanner Scott | P | BAL | Draft | 2014 | +1.5 |
| Damon Buford | OF | BOS | Trade | 1997 | +1.5 |
| Tim Scott | P | WSN | Trade | 1993 | +1.5 |
| David Cone | P | BOS | Free agency | 2001 | +1.4 |
| Bud Norris | P | BAL | Trade | 2013 | +1.3 |
| Doug Mirabelli | C | BOS | Trade | 2001 | +1.3 |
| Hanley Ramírez | SS | BOS | Intl FA | 2000 | +1.3 |
| Ugueth Urbina | P | BOS | Trade | 2001 | +1.3 |
| Dillon Tate | P | BAL | Trade | 2018 | +1.2 |
| Paxton Crawford | P | BOS | Draft | 1995 | +1.2 |
| Alan Embree | P | BOS | Trade | 2002 | +1.2 |
| Dwayne Hosey | OF | BOS | Trade | 1995 | +1.2 |
| Ramón Martínez | P | BOS | Free agency | 1999 | +1.2 |
| Hipólito Pichardo | P | BOS | Free agency | 2000 | +1.2 |
| Rey Sánchez | 2B/SS | BOS | Free agency | 2002 | +1.1 |
| Pedro Álvarez | 3B | BAL | Free agency | 2016 | +1.0 |
| Ryan McKenna | OF | BAL | Draft | 2015 | +1.0 |
| Stan Belinda | P | BOS | Free agency | 1995 | +1.0 |
| Luis Ayala | P | BAL | Free agency | 2012 | +0.9 |
| Craig Gentry | OF | BAL | Free agency | 2017 | +0.9 |
| Wade Miley | P | BAL | Trade | 2016 | +0.9 |
| Asher Wojciechowski | P | BAL | Free agency | 2017 | +0.9 |
| Chris Hammond | P | BOS | Free agency | 1996 | +0.9 |
| Mike Macfarlane | C | BOS | Free agency | 1995 | +0.9 |
| Tomo Ohka | P | BOS | Draft | 1999 | +0.9 |
| Todd Walker | 2B | BOS | Trade | 2002 | +0.9 |
| John Wasdin | P | BOS | Trade | 1997 | +0.9 |
| Yovani Gallardo | P | BAL | Free agency | 2016 | +0.8 |
| Ryan Webb | P | BAL | Free agency | 2013 | +0.7 |
| Shane Mack | OF | BOS | Free agency | 1996 | +0.7 |
| Juan Peña | P | BOS | Draft | 1995 | +0.7 |
| Pete Schourek | P | BOS | Free agency | 2000 | +0.7 |
| Andrew Cashner | P | BAL | Free agency | 2018 | +0.6 |
| Rickey Henderson | OF | BOS | Free agency | 2002 | +0.6 |
| Mark Portugal | P | BOS | Free agency | 1998 | +0.6 |
| Juan Bell | 2B/SS | WSN | Free agency | 1994 | +0.6 |
| Evan Phillips | P | BAL | Trade | 2018 | +0.5 |
| Rudy Pemberton | OF | BOS | Trade | 1996 | +0.5 |
| Denis Boucher | P | WSN | Trade | 1993 | +0.5 |
| DJ Stewart | OF | BAL | Draft | 2015 | +0.4 |
| Delmon Young | OF | BAL | Free agency | 2014 | +0.4 |
| Mark Brandenburg | P | BOS | Trade | 1996 | +0.4 |
| Kason Gabbard | P | BOS | Draft | 2000 | +0.4 |
| Sun-Woo Kim | P | BOS | Intl FA | 1997 | +0.4 |
| Wilson Betemit | 3B | BAL | Free agency | 2012 | +0.3 |
| Donnie Hart | P | BAL | Draft | 2013 | +0.3 |
| Yefry Ramírez | P | BAL | Trade | 2017 | +0.3 |
| Billy Ashley | OF | BOS | Free agency | 1998 | +0.3 |
| Rod Beck | P | BOS | Trade | 1999 | +0.3 |
| Jin Ho Cho | P | BOS | Intl FA | 1998 | +0.3 |
| Willie McGee | OF | BOS | Free agency | 1995 | +0.3 |
| Dariel Álvarez | OF | BAL | Intl FA | 2013 | +0.2 |
| Alec Asher | P | BAL | Trade | 2017 | +0.2 |
| Mike Baumann | P | BAL | Draft | 2017 | +0.2 |
| Miguel Castro | P | BAL | Trade | 2017 | +0.2 |
| Chris Dickerson | OF | BAL | Free agency | 2013 | +0.2 |
| Chaz Roe | P | BAL | Free agency | 2014 | +0.2 |
| Steve Avery | P | BOS | Free agency | 1997 | +0.2 |
| Bryce Florie | P | BOS | Trade | 1999 | +0.2 |
| Creighton Gubanich | C | BOS | Trade | 1999 | +0.2 |
| Tim Harikkala | P | BOS | Free agency | 1998 | +0.2 |
| Jimmy Jones | P | WSN | Free agency | 1993 | +0.2 |
| Troy Mattes | P | WSN | Draft | 1993 | +0.2 |
| Brian Duensing | P | BAL | Free agency | 2016 | +0.1 |
| Lew Ford | OF | BAL | Free agency | 2012 | +0.1 |
| Hunter Harvey | P | BAL | Draft | 2013 | +0.1 |
| Jair Jurrjens | P | BAL | Free agency | 2013 | +0.1 |
| Zac Lowther | P | BAL | Draft | 2017 | +0.1 |
| Josh Lucas | P | BAL | Free agency | 2018 | +0.1 |
| Rey Navarro | 2B | BAL | Trade | 2015 | +0.1 |
| Dusty Brown | C | BOS | Draft | 2000 | +0.1 |
| Morgan Burkhart | 1B/DH | BOS | Draft | 2000 | +0.1 |
| Juan Díaz | 1B/DH | BOS | Trade | 2002 | +0.1 |
| Josh Hancock | P | BOS | Draft | 1998 | +0.1 |
| Adam Hyzdu | OF | BOS | Free agency | 1996 | +0.1 |
| Steve Lomasney | C | BOS | Draft | 1995 | +0.1 |
| Ramiro Mendoza | P | BOS | Free agency | 2002 | +0.1 |
| Brandon Moss | 1B/OF | BOS | Draft | 2002 | +0.1 |
| Darren Oliver | P | BOS | Trade | 2001 | +0.1 |
| Curtis Pride | OF | BOS | Free agency | 1997 | +0.1 |
| Charlie Zink | P | BOS | Intl FA | 2002 | +0.1 |
| Rick Cerone | C | WSN | Free agency | 1992 | +0.1 |
| Randy Ready | 2B/3B/OF | WSN | Free agency | 1993 | +0.1 |
| Jayson Aquino | P | BAL | Trade | 2016 | +0.0 |
| Quintin Berry | OF | BAL | Free agency | 2014 | -0.0 |
| César Cabral | P | BAL | Free agency | 2014 | -0.0 |
| Stefan Crichton | P | BAL | Draft | 2013 | -0.0 |
| Preston Guilmet | P | BAL | Trade | 2014 | -0.0 |
| Bill Hall | 3B/SS | BAL | Free agency | 2012 | -0.0 |
| Drew Jackson | OF | BAL | Trade | 2018 | -0.0 |
| Nick Johnson | 1B | BAL | Free agency | 2012 | +0.0 |
| Branden Kline | P | BAL | Draft | 2012 | -0.0 |
| Steve Lombardozzi | 2B/OF | BAL | Trade | 2014 | -0.0 |
| Chris Parmelee | 1B/OF | BAL | Free agency | 2015 | -0.0 |
| Stu Pomeranz | P | BAL | Trade | 2012 | -0.0 |
| Ramón Ramírez | P | BAL | Free agency | 2014 | +0.0 |
| Chris Snyder | C | BAL | Trade | 2013 | -0.0 |
| Konner Wade | P | BAL | Trade | 2017 | -0.0 |
| Shane Andrews | 3B | BOS | Free agency | 2002 | +0.0 |
| Willie Banks | P | BOS | Free agency | 2001 | +0.0 |
| Brian Bark | P | BOS | Trade | 1995 | +0.0 |
| Kevin Brown | C | BOS | Free agency | 2002 | -0.0 |
| Kirk Bullinger | P | BOS | Free agency | 1998 | -0.0 |
| Dennis Eckersley | P | BOS | Free agency | 1997 | -0.0 |
| Ken Grundt | P | BOS | Trade | 1996 | +0.0 |
| Chris Haney | P | BOS | Free agency | 2002 | +0.0 |
| Dustin Hermanson | P | BOS | Trade | 2001 | +0.0 |
| Keith Johns | 2B/DH | BOS | Trade | 1998 | +0.0 |
| Brent Knackert | P | BOS | Free agency | 1995 | -0.0 |
| Allen McDill | P | BOS | Free agency | 2000 | +0.0 |
| Dan Smith | P | BOS | Free agency | 2000 | -0.0 |
| Kevin Tolar | P | BOS | Free agency | 2002 | -0.0 |
| Carlos Valdez | P | BOS | Free agency | 1998 | -0.0 |
| Geoff Blum | 3B | WSN | Draft | 1994 | -0.0 |
| Steve Falteisek | P | WSN | Draft | 1992 | -0.0 |
| Randy Milligan | 1B | WSN | Trade | 1993 | +0.0 |
| Charlie Montoyo | 2B | WSN | Trade | 1993 | -0.0 |
| Jeremy Powell | P | WSN | Draft | 1994 | -0.0 |
| J. J. Thobe | P | WSN | Trade | 1994 | -0.0 |
| Mike Belfiore | P | BAL | Trade | 2012 | -0.1 |
| Julio Borbon | OF | BAL | Free agency | 2015 | -0.1 |
| Jason García | P | BAL | Trade | 2014 | -0.1 |
| Dan Johnson | 1B | BAL | Free agency | 2013 | -0.1 |
| Corban Joseph | 2B | BAL | Free agency | 2015 | -0.1 |
| Yamaico Navarro | 3B/SS | BAL | Trade | 2012 | -0.1 |
| Logan Ondrusek | P | BAL | Free agency | 2016 | -0.1 |
| Jace Peterson | 2B/3B | BAL | Free agency | 2018 | -0.1 |
| Danny Valencia | 3B | BAL | Free agency | 2018 | -0.1 |
| Engelb Vielma | 2B/SS | BAL | Trade | 2018 | -0.1 |
| Christian Walker | 1B | BAL | Draft | 2012 | -0.1 |
| Israel Alcántara | 1B/OF | BOS | Trade | 2000 | -0.1 |
| Carlos Baerga | 2B | BOS | Free agency | 2001 | -0.1 |
| Carlos Castillo | P | BOS | Free agency | 2000 | -0.1 |
| Phil Clark | 1B/OF | BOS | Free agency | 1996 | -0.1 |
| Milt Cuyler | OF | BOS | Free agency | 1995 | -0.1 |
| Chad Fonville | 2B/SS/OF | BOS | Free agency | 1999 | -0.1 |
| Wayne Gomes | P | BOS | Free agency | 2002 | -0.1 |
| Bob Howry | P | BOS | Trade | 2002 | -0.1 |
| Sang-Hoon Lee | P | BOS | Draft | 2000 | -0.1 |
| Mark Lemke | 2B | BOS | Free agency | 1998 | -0.1 |
| Joe Nelson | P | BOS | Free agency | 2002 | -0.1 |
| Steve Ontiveros | P | BOS | Free agency | 2000 | -0.1 |
| Freddy Sanchez | 2B | BOS | Draft | 2000 | -0.1 |
| Steve Woodard | P | BOS | Free agency | 2002 | -0.1 |
| Trace Coquillette | 2B/3B | WSN | Draft | 1993 | -0.1 |
| Todd Haney | 2B | WSN | Trade | 1992 | -0.1 |
| Yovanny Lara | P | WSN | Intl FA | 1992 | -0.1 |
| Everett Stull | P | WSN | Draft | 1992 | -0.1 |
| Bruce Walton | P | WSN | Free agency | 1992 | -0.1 |
| Tim Beckham | SS | BAL | Trade | 2017 | -0.2 |
| Alexi Casilla | 2B | BAL | Free agency | 2014 | -0.2 |
| Jhan Mariñez | P | BAL | Free agency | 2017 | -0.2 |
| Ryan Meisinger | P | BAL | Draft | 2015 | -0.2 |
| Luis Ortiz | P | BAL | Trade | 2018 | -0.2 |
| Rubén Tejada | SS | BAL | Free agency | 2017 | -0.2 |
| David Washington | DH/OF | BAL | Trade | 2017 | -0.2 |
| Alex Wells | P | BAL | Intl FA | 2015 | -0.2 |
| Matt Wotherspoon | P | BAL | Trade | 2017 | -0.2 |
| Todd Erdos | P | BOS | Free agency | 2001 | -0.2 |
| Reggie Harris | P | BOS | Free agency | 1996 | -0.2 |
| Damian Jackson | 2B/SS | BOS | Free agency | 2002 | -0.2 |
| Anastacio Martínez | P | BOS | Intl FA | 1998 | -0.2 |
| Keith Mitchell | OF | BOS | Free agency | 1998 | -0.2 |
| Bry Nelson | 2B/OF | BOS | Trade | 2002 | -0.2 |
| Jon Nunnally | OF | BOS | Trade | 1999 | -0.2 |
| Brian Shouse | P | BOS | Free agency | 1997 | -0.2 |
| David West | P | BOS | Trade | 1998 | -0.2 |
| Tim Young | P | BOS | Free agency | 1999 | -0.2 |
| José Fernández | 3B/DH | WSN | Intl FA | 1993 | -0.2 |
| Brad Fullmer | 1B/DH | WSN | Draft | 1993 | -0.2 |
| Rod Henderson | P | WSN | Draft | 1992 | -0.2 |
| Matt Maysey | P | WSN | Trade | 1992 | -0.2 |
| Curt Schmidt | P | WSN | Draft | 1992 | -0.2 |
| Luis Exposito | C | BAL | Trade | 2012 | -0.3 |
| Johnny Giavotella | 2B | BAL | Free agency | 2017 | -0.3 |
| Sean Gilmartin | P | BAL | Free agency | 2018 | -0.3 |
| Jason Pridie | OF | BAL | Free agency | 2012 | -0.3 |
| Richard Rodríguez | P | BAL | Trade | 2015 | -0.3 |
| Henry Urrutia | DH/OF | BAL | Intl FA | 2012 | -0.3 |
| Gary Gaetti | 3B | BOS | Free agency | 2000 | -0.3 |
| Kip Gross | P | BOS | Free agency | 1999 | -0.3 |
| Mike Maddux | P | BOS | Free agency | 1995 | -0.3 |
| Pat Mahomes | P | BOS | Trade | 1996 | -0.3 |
| Ángel Santos | 2B | BOS | Draft | 1997 | -0.3 |
| Kelly Shoppach | C | BOS | Draft | 2001 | -0.3 |
| Chris Smith | P | BOS | Draft | 2002 | -0.3 |
| Jeff Gardner | 2B | WSN | Free agency | 1994 | -0.3 |
| Everth Cabrera | SS | BAL | Free agency | 2015 | -0.4 |
| Evan Meek | P | BAL | Free agency | 2014 | -0.4 |
| Colby Rasmus | OF | BAL | Free agency | 2018 | -0.4 |
| Josh Rogers | P | BAL | Trade | 2018 | -0.4 |
| Alex Cole | OF | BOS | Free agency | 1996 | -0.4 |
| James Lofton | SS | BOS | Trade | 2001 | -0.4 |
| Andy Sheets | SS | BOS | Free agency | 2000 | -0.4 |
| Frank Bolick | 1B/3B | WSN | Trade | 1992 | -0.4 |
| Scott Forster | P | WSN | Draft | 1994 | -0.4 |
| Oreste Marrero | 1B | WSN | Trade | 1993 | -0.4 |
| Curtis Pride | OF | WSN | Trade | 1993 | -0.4 |
| Cody Carroll | P | BAL | Trade | 2018 | -0.5 |
| Paul Janish | SS | BAL | Free agency | 2014 | -0.5 |
| Vidal Nuño | P | BAL | Trade | 2017 | -0.5 |
| Ronny Paulino | C | BAL | Free agency | 2012 | -0.5 |
| Jimmy Yacabonis | P | BAL | Draft | 2013 | -0.5 |
| Bruce Zimmermann | P | BAL | Trade | 2018 | -0.5 |
| Bill Landrum | P | WSN | Free agency | 1992 | -0.5 |
| Esteban Beltré | SS | BOS | Free agency | 1996 | -0.6 |
| Jesús Tavárez | OF | BOS | Trade | 1996 | -0.6 |
| Pedro Araújo | P | BAL | Rule 5 | 2017 | -0.7 |
| David Hess | P | BAL | Draft | 2014 | -0.7 |
| Craig Grebeck | 2B/SS | BOS | Free agency | 2001 | -0.7 |
| Kerry Lacy | P | BOS | Trade | 1996 | -0.7 |
| Derek Lilliquist | P | BOS | Free agency | 1995 | -0.7 |
| Chance Sisco | C | BAL | Draft | 2013 | -0.8 |
| Rick DeHart | P | WSN | Intl FA | 1992 | -0.8 |
| Wilton Veras | 3B | BOS | Intl FA | 1995 | -0.9 |
| Austin Wynns | C | BAL | Draft | 2013 | -1.0 |
| Richie Martin | SS | BAL | Rule 5 | 2018 | -1.1 |
| Mark Trumbo | 1B/DH/OF | BAL | Free agency | 2017 | -1.8 |
| Stevie Wilkerson | 2B/OF | BAL | Draft | 2014 | -2.2 |
| Chris Davis | 1B | BAL | Free agency | 2016 | -3.4 |
WAB = wins above what the team's payroll predicted (resource-controlled). WAR surplus = era-neutral value (WAR minus payroll in win-equivalents). Roster surplus $M = dollar value of WAR over cost. Build channels (realized fWAR): HG = home-grown via amateur draft / international signing; Trade = acquired minus surrendered (incl. purchases/waivers); FA = signed minus walked; R5 = Rule-5 / minor-league-draft pickups. Credit follows the acquisition year — home-grown to the regime at the player's draft/signing (not whoever was in the chair when he peaked), trade/FA/R5 to the GM who made the move. Players acquired as prospects before debuting (e.g. Smoltz, Bagwell; Rule-5 picks like Uggla) are counted as trade/R5, not home-grown. All are franchise-level outcomes during the stint, not solely attributable to one executive.