RRosternomics
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JM

John Mozeliak

Born Jan 18, 1969 · Boulder, CO · age 57

Oversaw a long run of St. Louis Cardinals contention as GM and president of baseball operations, including the 2011 World Series title and a near-annual postseason presence.

19 seasons with salary-era data across 1 stint. All figures are franchise-level outcomes during the tenure, not solely attributable to one executive.

Overview

Titles1
Pennants2
Playoffs10
Record1599–1375
Win %0.538
+1.0GM WAR — wins above a replacement GM (org-adjusted, shrunk; per season) ±3.653rd/195 execs
7.5Depth — 2+ WAR regulars per season (the breadth that drives TAB, not stars)34th/195 execs
-4.2Dead WAR — WAR/yr bled by sub-replacement players (closer to 0 = better)33rd/195 execs
29%Dead money — payroll on <0.5-WAR players (lower = better)52nd/195 execs
$34MCheap-talent surplus — $/yr of value from cost-controlled (pre-arb/arb) players above their pay; the selection engine, and the stickiest GM skill we track32nd/195 execs
$21MDrafted surplus — cheap-talent surplus from his own draftees (the develop-from-the-draft engine)15th/195 execs
$7MTraded-for surplus — cheap-talent surplus from cost-controlled players he acquired via trade54th/195 execs
$0MInt'l surplus — cheap-talent surplus from his own international signees102nd/195 execs
+46.2TAB — talent above budget — roster-construction alpha (talent your budget bought above expectation), tenure total19th/195 execs
+70.2WAB — realized wins (TAB + the non-repeatable luck of converting talent to wins)9th/195 execs
3.79Acquisition Leverage — playoff pts per acquired WAR, graded once in the year each deal's wins arrive (the repeatable decision skill)18th/195 execs
-333Roster surplus $M177th/195 execs

Tenure breakdown

TeamRoleYearsSzns WAB WAB/yr TAB WAR surp HG Trade FA R5 AcqLev W-L% POPenWS Surp $M
▸ Cardinals POBO/GM 2007–2025 18 +70.2 +3.90 +46.2 -95.7 +223.1 +20.0 -45.2 +5.0 3.79 0.538 1021 -333
Career total (1985+ data) 19 +70.2 +46.2 -95.7 +223.1 +20.0 -45.2 +5.0 3.79 0.538 102 1 -333

Roster Construction

How the roster was sourced

by valueby volume

Share of acquired fWAR by channel vs. league average.

Build channels — net fWAR

Acquired minus surrendered / signed minus walked.

Home-grown (draft/intl)+223.1
Trade+20.0
Free agency-45.2
Rule 5 / minor draft+5.0
Sourcing mix: 50% draft · 22% FA · 28% trade · 1% R5

Roster value distribution — career average — depth vs. stars

Every roster slot ranked best→worst by WAR, averaged across John Mozeliak's seasons. Bars = his rosters; the black line = the league-average player at each slot. Staying above the line deep into the roster is the depth edge.

Players acquired — 277 players, by realized fWAR for the franchise (scroll for more)

PlayerPosTeam How Year Szns fWAR WAR/yr Lev
Matt Carpenter 3B STL Draft 2009 9 +29.6 +3.3 –
Matt Holliday OF STL Free agency 2010 8 +23.8 +3.0 16.7
Paul Goldschmidt 1B STL Trade 2018 6 +21.3 +3.6 6.9
Nolan Arenado 3B STL Trade 2021 5 +18.3 +3.7 16.8
Carlos Martínez P STL Trade 2013 8 +16.0 +2.0 –
Miles Mikolas P STL Free agency 2017 7 +15.4 +2.2 5.6
Tommy Edman 2B STL Draft 2016 5 +15.3 +3.1 –
Lance Lynn P STL Draft 2008 7 +14.5 +2.1 –
Kolten Wong 2B STL Draft 2011 7 +13.3 +1.9 –
Ryan Ludwick OF STL Trade 2007 4 +11.7 +2.9 1.0
Brendan Donovan 2B/OF STL Draft 2022 4 +10.1 +2.5 –
Michael Wacha P STL Draft 2012 6 +9.8 +1.6 –
Lars Nootbaar OF STL Draft 2018 6 +9.7 +1.6 –
Harrison Bader OF STL Draft 2015 6 +9.3 +1.5 –
Jack Flaherty P STL Draft 2014 6 +9.0 +1.5 –
Kyle Lohse P STL Free agency 2008 5 +9.0 +1.8 11.8
Tyler O'Neill OF STL Trade 2017 6 +9.0 +1.5 –
Paul DeJong SS STL Draft 2015 7 +8.3 +1.2 –
Willson Contreras C STL Free agency 2022 3 +8.2 +2.7 5.9
Jedd Gyorko 2B/3B STL Trade 2015 4 +7.8 +2.0 13.1
Masyn Winn SS STL Draft 2023 3 +7.8 +2.6 –
David Freese 3B STL Trade 2007 5 +7.7 +1.5 –
Sonny Gray P STL Free agency 2023 2 +7.4 +3.7 3.3
Trevor Rosenthal P STL Draft 2009 6 +7.3 +1.2 –
Jhonny Peralta SS STL Free agency 2013 3 +6.9 +2.3 9.4
Randal Grichuk OF STL Trade 2013 4 +6.3 +1.6 –
Iván Herrera C/DH STL Draft 2022 4 +6.2 +1.6 –
Carlos Beltrán OF STL Free agency 2011 2 +6.1 +3.0 23.5
Ryan Helsley P STL Draft 2015 6 +5.8 +1.0 –
Giovanny Gallegos P STL Trade 2018 6 +5.6 +0.9 0.0
Jason Heyward OF STL Trade 2014 1 +5.6 +5.6 35.5
Lance Berkman 1B/OF STL Free agency 2010 2 +4.9 +2.4 24.9
Joel Piñeiro P STL Trade 2007 3 +4.9 +1.6 0.2
Stephen Piscotty OF STL Draft 2012 3 +4.8 +1.6 –
Troy Glaus 3B STL Trade 2008 1 +4.5 +4.5 23.7
Andre Pallante P STL Draft 2022 4 +4.4 +1.1 –
Dylan Carlson OF STL Draft 2016 3 +4.3 +1.4 –
Marcell Ozuna DH/OF STL Trade 2017 2 +4.0 +2.0 2.5
Jordan Montgomery P STL Trade 2022 2 +4.0 +2.0 9.2
Matt Adams 1B STL Draft 2009 4 +3.9 +1.0 –
José Martínez 1B/OF STL Trade 2016 3 +3.6 +1.2 –
Shelby Miller P STL Draft 2009 3 +3.6 +1.2 –
Alec Burleson 1B/OF STL Draft 2022 3 +3.5 +1.2 –
Aledmys Díaz SS STL Intl FA 2014 2 +3.5 +1.8 –
John Lackey P STL Trade 2014 2 +3.5 +1.8 1.0
Luke Weaver P STL Draft 2014 3 +3.4 +1.1 –
Matthew Liberatore P STL Draft 2022 5 +3.3 +0.7 –
Jake Westbrook P STL Trade 2010 4 +3.0 +0.7 4.9
Dakota Hudson P STL Draft 2016 6 +2.8 +0.5 –
Michael McGreevy P STL Draft 2024 3 +2.8 +0.9 –
Kyle Leahy P STL Draft 2023 3 +2.7 +0.9 –
Steven Matz P STL Free agency 2021 4 +2.7 +0.7 4.4
Seunghwan Oh P STL Draft 2016 2 +2.6 +1.3 –
Pedro Pagés C STL Draft 2024 3 +2.6 +0.9 –
Mike Leake P STL Free agency 2015 2 +2.5 +1.3 12.7
Nolan Gorman 2B STL Draft 2022 3 +2.3 +0.8 –
John Gant P STL Trade 2016 3 +2.2 +0.7 1.6
Greg Garcia 2B/3B STL Draft 2010 4 +2.2 +0.6 –
Dustin May P STL Free agency 2025 1 +2.1 +2.1 2.8
JoJo Romero P STL Trade 2022 3 +2.1 +0.7 2.6
John Brebbia P STL Rule 5 2015 3 +2.0 +0.7 –
Pat Neshek P STL Free agency 2014 1 +2.0 +2.0 4.3
Edmundo Sosa 3B/SS STL Intl FA 2012 3 +2.0 +0.7 –
Kwang Hyun Kim P STL Draft 2020 2 +1.9 +0.9 –
Todd Wellemeyer P STL Trade 2007 2 +1.9 +1.0 0.3
Kevin Siegrist P STL Draft 2008 3 +1.8 +0.6 –
Jordan Walker OF STL Draft 2023 2 +1.8 +0.9 –
Jose Quintana P STL Trade 2022 1 +1.8 +1.8 12.3
Tyler Lyons P STL Draft 2010 4 +1.7 +0.4 –
Nick Punto 2B/3B/SS STL Free agency 2011 1 +1.7 +1.7 8.7
Dexter Fowler OF STL Free agency 2016 3 +1.6 +0.5 14.5
Aaron Miles 2B STL Free agency 2008 2 +1.6 +0.8 7.6
Alex Reyes P STL Intl FA 2012 4 +1.6 +0.4 –
Kip Wells P STL Trade 2007 1 +1.6 +1.6 0.7
Kyle Gibson P STL Free agency 2023 1 +1.4 +1.4 1.3
Austin Gomber P STL Draft 2013 2 +1.4 +0.7 –
Joe Kelly P STL Draft 2009 3 +1.3 +0.4 –
Chris Stratton P STL Trade 2022 2 +1.3 +0.7 1.9
Matthew Bowman P STL Rule 5 2015 2 +1.2 +0.6 –
Jordan Hicks P STL Draft 2015 5 +1.2 +0.2 –
Pete Kozma SS STL Draft 2007 4 +1.2 +0.3 –
Brandon Moss 1B/OF STL Trade 2015 2 +1.2 +0.6 3.8
Fernando Salas P STL Draft 2010 3 +1.2 +0.4 –
Seth Maness P STL Draft 2011 4 +1.1 +0.3 –
Victor Scott OF STL Draft 2024 1 +1.1 +1.1 –
Russ Springer P STL Trade 2007 2 +1.1 +0.6 0.6
Peter Bourjos OF STL Trade 2013 1 +1.0 +1.0 2.7
César Izturis SS STL Free agency 2007 1 +1.0 +1.0 4.6
Brad Penny P STL Free agency 2009 1 +1.0 +1.0 4.7
Matt Svanson P STL Trade 2023 2 +1.0 +0.5 –
John Smoltz P STL Trade 2009 1 +1.0 +1.0 6.5
Phil Maton P STL Trade 2025 1 +1.0 +1.0 0.9
Brian Barton OF STL Rule 5 2007 1 +0.9 +0.9 –
Randy Choate P STL Free agency 2012 3 +0.9 +0.3 3.8
Zack Thompson P STL Draft 2022 2 +0.9 +0.4 –
Edwin Jackson P STL Trade 2011 1 +0.9 +0.9 4.4
Erick Fedde P STL Trade 2024 2 +0.9 +0.4 0.8
Michael Siani OF STL Trade 2024 1 +0.9 +0.9 1.0
Riley O'Brien P STL Trade 2023 2 +0.8 +0.4 0.3
Octavio Dotel P STL Trade 2011 1 +0.8 +0.8 4.3
Daniel Descalso 2B/3B STL Draft 2007 3 +0.7 +0.2 –
Ryan Fernandez P STL Draft 2024 2 +0.7 +0.3 –
Rafael Furcal SS STL Free agency 2011 2 +0.7 +0.4 3.9
Luis García P STL Free agency 2021 1 +0.7 +0.7 2.9
Brad Miller SS STL Free agency 2020 1 +0.7 +0.7 2.5
Daniel Ponce de Leon P STL Draft 2014 2 +0.7 +0.3 –
Tim Cooney P STL Draft 2012 1 +0.6 +0.6 –
Corey Dickerson OF STL Free agency 2022 1 +0.6 +0.6 4.2
Jeremy Hazelbaker OF STL Trade 2016 1 +0.6 +0.6 –
Trever Miller P STL Free agency 2008 2 +0.6 +0.3 3.2
Troy Percival P STL Free agency 2007 1 +0.6 +0.6 0.3
Edward Mujica P STL Trade 2012 2 +0.6 +0.3 4.0
Tyson Ross P STL Trade 2018 1 +0.6 +0.6 0.8
Lane Thomas OF STL Trade 2017 1 +0.5 +0.5 –
Mark DeRosa 2B/3B STL Trade 2009 1 +0.5 +0.5 3.0
Packy Naughton P STL Trade 2022 2 +0.5 +0.3 2.9
Génesis Cabrera P STL Trade 2018 2 +0.4 +0.2 –
Brett Cecil P STL Free agency 2016 1 +0.4 +0.4 6.1
Nathan Church OF STL Draft 2025 2 +0.4 +0.2 –
Richie Palacios 2B/OF STL Trade 2023 1 +0.4 +0.4 0.9
Miguel Socolovich P STL Free agency 2014 2 +0.4 +0.2 2.3
J. A. Happ P STL Trade 2021 1 +0.4 +0.4 1.5
Jordan Walden P STL Trade 2015 1 +0.4 +0.4 2.2
Andrew Kittredge P STL Trade 2024 1 +0.3 +0.3 0.3
José Rondón SS STL Free agency 2020 1 +0.3 +0.3 1.1
Patrick Wisdom 3B STL Draft 2012 1 +0.3 +0.3 –
Tyler Webb P STL Trade 2018 3 +0.3 +0.1 0.1
Randy Arozarena OF STL Draft 2019 1 +0.2 +0.2 –
José Fermín 2B/3B/OF STL Trade 2022 3 +0.2 +0.1 –
Gordon Graceffo P STL Draft 2024 2 +0.2 +0.1 –
Jason LaRue C STL Free agency 2007 2 +0.2 +0.1 1.3
Luke Voit 1B/DH STL Draft 2013 2 +0.2 +0.1 –
Kodi Whitley P STL Draft 2017 1 +0.2 +0.2 –
Julio Lugo SS STL Trade 2009 1 +0.2 +0.2 1.4
Ryan Theriot 2B/SS STL Trade 2011 1 +0.2 +0.2 0.9
John Axford P STL Trade 2013 1 +0.2 +0.2 1.5
Jon Lester P STL Trade 2021 1 +0.2 +0.2 0.6
Juan Nicasio P STL Trade 2017 1 +0.2 +0.2 1.3
Shawn Armstrong P STL Trade 2024 1 +0.2 +0.2 0.2
Matt Belisle P STL Free agency 2014 1 +0.1 +0.1 0.5
Keith Butler P STL Draft 2009 1 +0.1 +0.1 –
Troy Cate P STL Trade 2007 1 +0.1 +0.1 –
Brandon Crawford SS STL Free agency 2024 1 +0.1 +0.1 0.1
Austin Dean OF STL Trade 2020 2 +0.1 +0.0 0.2
Ben DeLuzio OF STL Draft 2022 1 +0.1 +0.1 –
Ryan Franklin P STL Free agency 2007 3 +0.1 +0.0 0.3
Sam Freeman P STL Draft 2008 1 +0.1 +0.1 –
Marco Gonzales P STL Draft 2013 1 +0.1 +0.1 –
Bud Norris P STL Free agency 2018 1 +0.1 +0.1 0.2
Johan Oviedo P STL Intl FA 2016 3 +0.1 +0.0 –
Yohel Pozo C/DH STL Free agency 2025 1 +0.1 +0.1 0.2
Angel Rondón P STL Intl FA 2016 2 +0.1 +0.0 –
Thomas Saggese 2B/SS STL Trade 2023 1 +0.1 +0.1 –
Chasen Shreve P STL Trade 2018 1 +0.1 +0.1 0.1
Cody Stanley C STL Draft 2010 1 +0.1 +0.1 –
Carlos Villanueva P STL Free agency 2015 1 +0.1 +0.1 0.5
Nick Wittgren P STL Free agency 2022 1 +0.1 +0.1 0.6
Guillo Zuñiga P STL Draft 2023 1 +0.1 +0.1 –
Raúl Valdés P STL Trade 2011 1 +0.1 +0.1 0.3
Jacob Barnes P STL Trade 2023 1 +0.1 +0.1 0.2
Anthony Veneziano P STL Trade 2025 1 +0.1 +0.1 0.1
Dean Anna SS STL Free agency 2014 – -0.0 – –
Jonathan Broxton P STL Trade 2015 2 +0.0 +0.0 0.6
Nabil Crismatt P STL Trade 2020 – -0.0 – –
Jesus Cruz P STL Draft 2020 1 +0.0 +0.0 –
Jermaine Curtis OF STL Draft 2008 1 +0.0 +0.0 –
Brian Esposito C STL Trade 2007 1 +0.0 +0.0 –
Eric Fornataro P STL Draft 2008 1 +0.0 +0.0 –
John Gast P STL Draft 2010 1 +0.0 +0.0 –
Andre Granillo P STL Draft 2025 1 +0.0 +0.0 –
Luke Gregerson P STL Free agency 2017 1 -0.0 -0.0 –
Marcus Hatley P STL Trade 2015 – -0.0 – –
Steven Hill C/1B STL Draft 2007 1 +0.0 +0.0 –
Joe Hudson C STL Free agency 2018 – -0.0 – –
Chad Huffman OF STL Free agency 2013 1 +0.0 +0.0 0.2
Mark Johnson C STL Free agency 2007 1 +0.0 +0.0 0.2
Rob Kaminsky P STL Draft 2013 1 +0.0 +0.0 –
Dean Kiekhefer P STL Draft 2010 – -0.0 – –
Adam Kloffenstein P STL Trade 2023 1 +0.0 +0.0 –
Felipe López 2B/SS STL Free agency 2008 1 -0.0 -0.0 8.2
Ryan Loutos P STL Draft 2024 – -0.0 – –
Michael McKenry C STL Free agency 2016 – -0.0 – –
Óscar Mercado OF STL Free agency 2022 1 +0.0 +0.0 –
John Nogowski 1B STL Trade 2020 – -0.0 – –
Audry Pérez C STL Intl FA 2008 1 +0.0 +0.0 –
Nick Raquet P STL Draft 2025 1 +0.0 +0.0 –
Chris Roycroft P STL Draft 2024 1 +0.0 +0.0 –
Max Schrock OF STL Trade 2017 – -0.0 – –
Magneuris Sierra OF STL Intl FA 2012 – -0.0 – –
Cory Spangenberg 2B/3B STL Free agency 2022 1 +0.0 +0.0 0.0
Travis Tartamella C STL Draft 2009 1 +0.0 +0.0 –
Sam Tuivailala P STL Draft 2010 3 -0.0 -0.0 –
Jake Walsh P STL Draft 2022 1 +0.0 +0.0 –
Jake Woodford P STL Draft 2015 2 -0.0 -0.0 –
Blaine Boyer P STL Trade 2009 1 +0.0 +0.0 0.2
Brian Barden 3B STL Trade 2009 1 +0.0 +0.0 0.9
Adalberto Mejía P STL Trade 2019 1 +0.0 +0.0 0.1
Ali Sánchez C STL Trade 2021 1 +0.0 +0.0 0.1
Brandon Waddell P STL Trade 2021 1 +0.0 +0.0 0.0
Sandy Alcántara P STL Intl FA 2013 – -0.1 – –
Steven Baron C STL Free agency 2017 – -0.1 – –
Tres Barrera C STL Free agency 2023 – -0.1 – –
Andrew Brown OF STL Draft 2007 – -0.1 – –
Barret Browning P STL Rule 5 2011 – -0.1 – –
Seth Elledge P STL Trade 2018 – -0.1 – –
Scott Hurst OF STL Draft 2017 – -0.1 – –
Gerald Laird C STL Free agency 2010 – -0.1 – –
Dominic Leone P STL Trade 2018 1 -0.1 -0.1 0.2
Josh Lucas P STL Draft 2010 – -0.1 – –
Mike MacDougal P STL Free agency 2010 – -0.1 – –
T. J. McFarland P STL Free agency 2021 1 -0.1 -0.1 1.1
Andrew Miller P STL Free agency 2018 1 -0.1 -0.1 1.2
Juniel Querecuto 2B/3B STL Free agency 2022 – -0.1 – –
Dennys Reyes P STL Free agency 2009 1 -0.1 -0.1 0.8
Mark Reynolds 1B/3B STL Free agency 2014 – -0.1 – –
Kramer Robertson SS STL Draft 2022 – -0.1 – –
Drew Rom P STL Trade 2023 – -0.1 – –
Ricardo Sánchez P STL Trade 2020 – -0.1 – –
Ryan Sherriff P STL Draft 2011 1 -0.1 -0.1 –
Jared Shuster P STL Free agency 2025 – -0.1 – –
Rubén Tejada SS STL Free agency 2016 – -0.1 – –
Aaron Brooks P STL Free agency 2022 – -0.2 – –
Zach Duke P STL Trade 2016 1 -0.2 -0.2 2.2
Ed Easley C STL Trade 2015 – -0.2 – –
Adolis García OF STL Draft 2018 – -0.2 – –
José Barrero SS STL Free agency 2024 – -0.2 – –
Nick Greenwood P STL Trade 2010 – -0.2 – –
Dan Johnson 1B STL Free agency 2015 – -0.2 – –
John King P STL Trade 2023 2 -0.2 -0.1 0.3
Evan MacLane P STL Trade 2009 – -0.2 – –
Yairo Muñoz SS/OF STL Trade 2017 – -0.2 – –
James Naile P STL Draft 2022 – -0.2 – –
Brayan Peña C STL Free agency 2015 – -0.2 – –
Alberto Rosario C STL Trade 2016 – -0.2 – –
Xavier Scruggs 1B STL Draft 2008 – -0.2 – –
Joe Thurston 2B/3B STL Free agency 2008 – -0.2 – –
Breyvic Valera 2B/3B STL Intl FA 2010 – -0.2 – –
Ron Villone P STL Free agency 2008 – -0.2 – –
Rico Washington 3B/OF STL Trade 2008 – -0.2 – –
Junior Fernández P STL Intl FA 2014 – -0.3 – –
Eric Fryer C STL Free agency 2015 1 -0.3 -0.3 1.6
Mitch Harris P STL Draft 2008 – -0.3 – –
Irving Lopez 2B/3B STL Draft 2023 – -0.3 – –
Mike Mayers P STL Draft 2013 1 -0.3 -0.3 –
Max Moroff 2B/SS STL Free agency 2020 – -0.3 – –
Taylor Motter SS STL Free agency 2022 – -0.3 – –
Josh Phelps DH STL Free agency 2008 – -0.3 – –
Rangel Ravelo 1B/DH STL Trade 2019 – -0.3 – –
Ramón Urías 3B STL Free agency 2018 – -0.3 – –
Matt Wieters C STL Free agency 2019 – -0.3 – –
Jerome Williams P STL Free agency 2016 – -0.3 – –
Jimmy Crooks C STL Draft 2025 – -0.4 – –
Mark Ellis 2B STL Free agency 2013 – -0.4 – –
Ryan Jackson 2B STL Draft 2009 – -0.4 – –
Kelvin Jiménez P STL Trade 2007 1 -0.4 -0.4 –
Rob Johnson C STL Free agency 2012 – -0.4 – –
Casey Lawrence P STL Free agency 2023 – -0.4 – –
Alex Mejia 2B/3B/SS STL Draft 2012 – -0.4 – –
Mark Mulder P STL Free agency 2007 2 -0.4 -0.2 10.2
Roel Ramírez P STL Trade 2018 – -0.4 – –
Andrew Suárez P STL Free agency 2023 – -0.4 – –
Luken Baker 1B/DH STL Draft 2023 1 -0.5 -0.5 –
Adron Chambers OF STL Draft 2007 – -0.5 – –
Maikel Cleto P STL Trade 2010 – -0.5 – –
Brock Peterson 1B/OF STL Trade 2013 – -0.5 – –
Juan Yepez 1B/DH/OF STL Draft 2022 1 -0.5 -0.5 –
César Prieto 2B/3B/SS STL Trade 2023 – -0.6 – –
Marc Rzepczynski P STL Trade 2011 1 -0.6 -0.6 1.6
Ty Wigginton 1B/3B STL Free agency 2012 – -0.6 – –
Justin Williams OF STL Trade 2018 1 -0.7 -0.7 0.0
Drew VerHagen P STL Free agency 2022 – -0.8 – –
Oscar Taveras OF STL Intl FA 2008 – -0.9 – –
Khalil Greene SS STL Trade 2008 – -1.0 – –
Carson Kelly C STL Draft 2012 – -1.0 – –
Francisco Peña C STL Free agency 2017 – -1.1 – –
Andrew Knizner C STL Draft 2016 1 -1.3 -1.3 –
Tony Cruz C STL Draft 2007 2 -2.1 -1.0 –

WAB = wins above what the team's payroll predicted (resource-controlled). WAR surplus = era-neutral value (WAR minus payroll in win-equivalents). Roster surplus $M = dollar value of WAR over cost. Build channels (realized fWAR): HG = home-grown via amateur draft / international signing; Trade = acquired minus surrendered (incl. purchases/waivers); FA = signed minus walked; R5 = Rule-5 / minor-league-draft pickups. Credit follows the acquisition year — home-grown to the regime at the player's draft/signing (not whoever was in the chair when he peaked), trade/FA/R5 to the GM who made the move. Players acquired as prospects before debuting (e.g. Smoltz, Bagwell; Rule-5 picks like Uggla) are counted as trade/R5, not home-grown. All are franchise-level outcomes during the stint, not solely attributable to one executive.

Graphs

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Rosternomics — quantifying front-office skill, attribution-clean. Follow @rosternomics on X. Decision-makers on record back to 1933; resource-controlled metrics (WAR & payroll) cover 1985–2026.
Data: FanGraphs (WAR), Baseball-Reference & the Chadwick Bureau register (rosters, IDs), the Lahman Database, Baseball America prospect rankings (via The Baseball Cube), and public payroll records. Transaction and trade data was obtained free of charge from and is copyrighted by Retrosheet. Executive birth/death data via Wikidata (CC0); bios are original. Emoji graphics by OpenMoji (CC BY-SA 4.0).
All figures are franchise-level outcomes credited to the decision-maker in the acquisition year — not solely attributable to one executive.