Born 1936 · age 90
General manager for the Yankees, Reds, and Giants (1989–1996).
Across the full 8-season sample, the measured profile stands out most for avoidance of dead payroll (92nd percentile), and cost per win (82nd percentile). The clearest contrast is traded-for surplus (14th percentile): players acquired by trade have created less surplus value than for most peers.
8 seasons with salary-era data across 3 stints. All figures are franchise-level outcomes during the tenure, not solely attributable to one executive.
★ 1 title · 1 pennant · 1 playoff appearance · 622–608 (0.506)
| Team | Role | Year | Pay $M |
Rel Pay |
Surp $M |
Surp WAR |
Dead % |
Cheap $M |
Draft $M |
Trd $M |
Int'l $M |
$ / WAR |
WAR | Depth | Dead WAR |
HG | Trade | Net/ Trd |
FA | R5 | RFA | PPA | CPA | WAB | TAB | W-L% | PO | Pen | WS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GM | 1989 74–87 | $14 | 103 | -2 | -6.9 | 19% | +2 | -1 | +2 | +1 | $0.4M | 31.8 | 7.0 | -6.3 | +2.4 | -12.7 | -1.06 | +0.3 | +0.1 | 0.62 | 0.09 | -7.8 | -2.5 | 0.460 | |||||
| GM | 1990 91–71 | $14 | 82 | +4 | +8.9 | 22% | +7 | +6 | +1 | -0 | $0.3M | 41.5 | 9.0 | -3.6 | +1.0 | +3.9 | +1.29 | -12.1 | +0.0 | 4.44 | 0.31 | +11.6 | +9.7 | 0.562 | ✓ | ✓ | ★ | ||
| GM | 1991 74–88 | $24 | 105 | +1 | +0.9 | 13% | +7 | +5 | +2 | -0 | $0.5M | 39.8 | 6.0 | -5.1 | +4.4 | -5.1 | -1.02 | -2.8 | -0.1 | 7.16 | 0.49 | -8.6 | +5.0 | 0.457 | |||||
| GM | 1992 90–72 | $33 | 111 | -5 | -6.9 | 9% | +2 | +3 | -1 | +0 | $0.7M | 41.4 | 8.0 | -3.0 | -2.1 | -1.9 | -0.64 | -8.8 | +0.6 | 2.90 | 0.22 | +6.7 | +5.9 | 0.556 | |||||
| GM | 1993 103–59 | $35 | 111 | +4 | +4.8 | 25% | +1 | +0 | +1 | +0 | $0.7M | 47.5 | 7.0 | -4.0 | +10.4 | +1.0 | +0.50 | -17.0 | +0.0 | 5.70 | 0.57 | +19.7 | +12.0 | 0.636 | |||||
| GM | 1994 55–60 | $40 | 125 | -15 | -12.8 | 41% | +2 | +5 | -3 | +0 | $1.5M | 20.7 | 4.0 | -5.6 | +14.0 | +7.5 | +3.73 | -18.0 | +0.0 | 1.62 | 0.17 | -5.2 | -7.7 | 0.478 | |||||
| GM | 1995 67–77 | $36 | 109 | -10 | -10.2 | 25% | +0 | +2 | -2 | -0 | $1.1M | 27.6 | 5.0 | -5.8 | +14.4 | +2.3 | +0.39 | -3.2 | +0.0 | +0.18 | 1.03 | 0.13 | -6.8 | -4.3 | 0.465 | ||||
| GM | 1996 68–94 | $36 | 110 | -18 | -20.8 | 24% | -4 | +1 | -5 | +0 | $1.1M | 23.7 | 2.0 | -8.3 | +2.0 | +31.8 | +6.36 | +8.4 | +0.0 | +0.01 | 0.25 | 0.07 | -15.2 | -11.7 | 0.420 | ||||
| Career total (1985+ data) | $233 | 107 | -42 | -42.9 | 22% | +2 | +3 | -1 | +0 | $0.7M | 274.1 | 6.0 | -5.2 | +46.7 | +26.7 | +0.70 | -53.1 | +0.7 | +0.16 | 2.51 | 0.23 | -5.4 | +6.4 | 0.506 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||
Acquired minus surrendered / signed minus walked.
| Player | Pos | Team | How | Year | Szns | fWAR | WAR/yr | RFA | PPA | CPA |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Barry Bonds | OF | Trade | 1993 | 15 | +116.0 | +7.7 | – | 63.2% | 5.81% | |
| Jeff Kent | 2B | Trade | 1996 | 6 | +30.9 | +5.1 | +0.38 | 5.9% | 0.59% | |
| Rich Aurilia | SS | Trade | 1994 | 11 | +19.8 | +1.8 | – | – | – | |
| Shawn Estes | P | Trade | 1995 | 7 | +14.8 | +2.1 | +0.29 | – | – | |
| Hal Morris | 1B | Trade | 1990 | 9 | +14.5 | +1.6 | – | 9.2% | 0.64% | |
| Russ Ortiz | P | Draft | 1995 | 6 | +13.7 | +2.3 | – | – | – | |
| John Smiley | P | Free agency | 1992 | 5 | +13.1 | +2.6 | – | 0.7% | 0.11% | |
| Kirk Rueter | P | Trade | 1996 | 10 | +11.2 | +1.1 | +0.43 | 0.2% | 0.06% | |
| Bill Mueller | 3B | Draft | 1993 | 5 | +10.7 | +2.1 | – | – | – | |
| Steve Sax | 2B | Trade | 1989 | 3 | +9.0 | +3.0 | – | 2.3% | 0.36% | |
| Pedro Feliz | 3B | Intl FA | 1994 | 6 | +7.9 | +1.3 | – | – | – | |
| Stan Javier | OF | Free agency | 1995 | 3 | +6.8 | +2.3 | – | 0.3% | 0.07% | |
| Mark Gardner | P | Free agency | 1996 | 4 | +5.9 | +1.5 | – | 0.4% | 0.10% | |
| Jesse Barfield | OF | Trade | 1989 | 3 | +5.6 | +1.9 | – | 2.2% | 0.33% | |
| Tim Belcher | P | Trade | 1992 | 2 | +5.3 | +2.7 | – | 8.4% | 0.64% | |
| Pokey Reese | 2B/SS | Draft | 1991 | 2 | +4.7 | +2.3 | – | – | – | |
| Bip Roberts | 2B/OF | Trade | 1992 | 1 | +4.6 | +4.6 | – | 13.3% | 1.04% | |
| Greg Swindell | P | Trade | 1992 | 1 | +4.4 | +4.4 | – | 12.7% | 0.95% | |
| Glenallen Hill | OF | Free agency | 1995 | 3 | +3.9 | +1.3 | – | 2.2% | 0.27% | |
| Ramón Martínez | 2B/SS | Trade | 1996 | 5 | +3.6 | +0.7 | -0.01 | – | – | |
| John Habyan | P | Trade | 1989 | 4 | +3.4 | +0.8 | – | 0.0% | 0.01% | |
| Mark Carreon | 1B/OF | Free agency | 1993 | 3 | +3.4 | +1.1 | – | 2.4% | 0.37% | |
| Randy Myers | P | Trade | 1990 | 2 | +3.4 | +1.7 | – | 8.8% | 0.60% | |
| Chuck Cary | P | Free agency | 1989 | 3 | +3.3 | +1.1 | – | 0.7% | 0.10% | |
| Armando Ríos | OF | Intl FA | 1994 | 4 | +3.3 | +0.8 | – | – | – | |
| Sterling Hitchcock | P | Draft | 1989 | 6 | +3.1 | +0.5 | – | – | – | |
| Álvaro Espinoza | SS | Trade | 1989 | 3 | +2.6 | +0.9 | – | 0.8% | 0.11% | |
| Dave LaPoint | P | Trade | 1989 | 2 | +2.5 | +1.2 | – | 0.4% | 0.05% | |
| Willie Greene | 3B | Trade | 1991 | 5 | +2.3 | +0.5 | – | – | – | |
| Glenn Braggs | OF | Trade | 1990 | 3 | +2.2 | +0.7 | – | 7.1% | 0.49% | |
| Roberto Kelly | OF | Trade | 1992 | 2 | +2.2 | +1.1 | – | 1.5% | 0.24% | |
| Mark Leiter | P | Free agency | 1995 | 2 | +2.2 | +1.1 | – | 2.5% | 0.32% | |
| Yorvit Torrealba | C | Intl FA | 1994 | 5 | +2.2 | +0.4 | – | – | – | |
| Mark Portugal | P | Free agency | 1993 | 2 | +2.1 | +1.1 | – | 4.8% | 0.49% | |
| José Vizcaíno | 2B/SS | Trade | 1996 | 1 | +2.1 | +2.1 | +0.38 | 3.3% | 0.32% | |
| Bill Doran | 2B | Trade | 1990 | 3 | +2.0 | +0.7 | – | 3.5% | 0.24% | |
| Greg Cadaret | P | Trade | 1989 | 3 | +2.0 | +0.7 | – | 0.8% | 0.11% | |
| Mel Hall | OF | Trade | 1989 | 2 | +2.0 | +1.0 | – | 0.7% | 0.10% | |
| Rick Wilkins | C | Trade | 1996 | 2 | +2.0 | +1.0 | +0.00 | 0.4% | 0.10% | |
| Pascual Pérez | P | Free agency | 1989 | 2 | +1.6 | +0.8 | – | 0.1% | 0.03% | |
| Tom Lampkin | C | Free agency | 1994 | 2 | +1.6 | +0.8 | – | 0.6% | 0.07% | |
| Mariano Duncan | 2B/SS | Trade | 1990 | 2 | +1.6 | +0.8 | – | 7.7% | 0.53% | |
| Allen Watson | P | Trade | 1996 | 1 | +1.5 | +1.5 | +0.08 | 0.4% | 0.10% | |
| Deion Sanders | OF | Trade | 1995 | 1 | +1.4 | +1.4 | +0.32 | 1.6% | 0.20% | |
| Billy Hatcher | OF | Trade | 1990 | 1 | +1.3 | +1.3 | – | 7.5% | 0.51% | |
| Shawon Dunston | SS | Free agency | 1996 | 2 | +1.2 | +0.6 | – | 0.3% | 0.08% | |
| Joe Nathan | P | Draft | 1995 | 4 | +1.2 | +0.3 | – | – | – | |
| Osvaldo Fernández | P | Intl FA | 1996 | 2 | +1.1 | +0.6 | – | – | – | |
| Bob Brower | OF | Trade | 1989 | 1 | +1.1 | +1.1 | – | 0.7% | 0.10% | |
| Luis Polonia | OF | Trade | 1989 | 2 | +1.1 | +0.6 | – | 0.5% | 0.07% | |
| Clay Parker | P | Trade | 1989 | 1 | +1.0 | +1.0 | – | 0.7% | 0.09% | |
| Larry Luebbers | P | Draft | 1990 | 2 | +0.9 | +0.4 | – | – | – | |
| Dave Martinez | OF | Trade | 1991 | 1 | +0.9 | +0.9 | – | 2.7% | 0.21% | |
| Brian Dorsett | C | Free agency | 1992 | 2 | +0.8 | +0.4 | – | 0.1% | 0.02% | |
| Jeff Reed | C | Free agency | 1993 | 2 | +0.8 | +0.4 | – | 3.5% | 0.53% | |
| Darnell Coles | 3B/OF | Free agency | 1991 | 1 | +0.7 | +0.7 | – | 2.3% | 0.18% | |
| John Johnstone | P | Free agency | 1996 | 3 | +0.7 | +0.2 | – | 0.1% | 0.01% | |
| Steve Scarsone | 2B/3B | Trade | 1993 | 1 | +0.7 | +0.7 | – | 2.1% | 0.26% | |
| Andy Hawkins | P | Trade | 1989 | 2 | +0.7 | +0.3 | – | 0.7% | 0.10% | |
| Scott Bankhead | P | Free agency | 1992 | 1 | +0.6 | +0.6 | – | 1.7% | 0.13% | |
| John Roper | P | Draft | 1990 | 2 | +0.6 | +0.3 | – | – | – | |
| Carmelo Martínez | 1B/OF | Trade | 1991 | 1 | +0.6 | +0.6 | – | 4.2% | 0.29% | |
| Ryan Jensen | P | Draft | 1996 | 2 | +0.5 | +0.2 | – | – | – | |
| Dwayne Henry | P | Trade | 1992 | 1 | +0.5 | +0.5 | – | 1.7% | 0.13% | |
| Lance McCullers | P | Trade | 1989 | 1 | +0.5 | +0.5 | – | 0.4% | 0.05% | |
| Walt Terrell | P | Trade | 1989 | 1 | +0.5 | +0.5 | – | 0.3% | 0.04% | |
| Jacob Cruz | OF | Draft | 1994 | 1 | +0.4 | +0.4 | – | – | – | |
| Damon Minor | 1B | Draft | 1996 | 3 | +0.4 | +0.1 | – | – | – | |
| Guillermo Rodríguez | C | Intl FA | 1995 | 1 | +0.3 | +0.3 | – | – | – | |
| Rich Rodriguez | P | Free agency | 1996 | 2 | +0.3 | +0.2 | – | 1.8% | 0.12% | |
| Trenidad Hubbard | OF | Trade | 1996 | 1 | +0.3 | +0.3 | – | 0.1% | 0.02% | |
| Curt Lyons | P | Draft | 1992 | 1 | +0.2 | +0.2 | – | – | – | |
| Steve Bourgeois | P | Draft | 1993 | 1 | +0.2 | +0.2 | – | – | – | |
| Rich Gossage | P | Trade | 1989 | 1 | +0.2 | +0.2 | – | 0.1% | 0.01% | |
| Troy Afenir | C | Free agency | 1991 | 1 | +0.1 | +0.1 | – | 0.2% | 0.02% | |
| Kevin Jarvis | P | Draft | 1991 | 1 | +0.1 | +0.1 | – | – | – | |
| Keith Kessinger | SS | Trade | 1991 | 1 | +0.1 | +0.1 | – | – | – | |
| Paul Noce | 2B/SS | Free agency | 1990 | 1 | +0.1 | +0.1 | – | 0.2% | 0.02% | |
| J. T. Snow | 1B | Draft | 1989 | 1 | +0.1 | +0.1 | – | – | – | |
| Russ Springer | P | Draft | 1989 | 1 | +0.1 | +0.1 | – | – | – | |
| Dante Powell | OF | Draft | 1994 | 2 | +0.1 | +0.1 | – | – | – | |
| Steve Soderstrom | P | Draft | 1993 | 1 | +0.1 | +0.1 | – | – | – | |
| Scott Bradley | C | Trade | 1992 | 1 | +0.1 | +0.1 | – | 0.2% | 0.02% | |
| Alex Treviño | C | Trade | 1990 | 1 | +0.1 | +0.1 | – | 0.6% | 0.04% | |
| Gerónimo Berroa | DH/OF | Free agency | 1991 | 1 | +0.0 | +0.0 | – | 0.1% | 0.01% | |
| John Courtright | P | Draft | 1991 | 1 | +0.0 | +0.0 | – | – | – | |
| Gary Green | SS | Free agency | 1991 | – | -0.0 | – | – | – | – | |
| Tony Menéndez | P | Trade | 1992 | 1 | +0.0 | +0.0 | – | – | – | |
| Jim Walewander | 2B | Free agency | 1989 | – | -0.0 | – | – | – | – | |
| Enrique Burgos | P | Trade | 1995 | 1 | +0.0 | +0.0 | -0.06 | 0.0% | 0.00% | |
| Dan Peltier | OF | Free agency | 1996 | – | -0.0 | – | – | – | – | |
| Don Schulze | P | Trade | 1989 | 1 | +0.0 | +0.0 | – | 0.0% | 0.00% | |
| Tim Belk | 1B | Draft | 1992 | – | -0.1 | – | – | – | – | |
| Chris Bushing | P | Trade | 1992 | – | -0.1 | – | – | – | – | |
| Steve Gibralter | OF | Draft | 1990 | 1 | -0.1 | -0.1 | – | – | – | |
| Keith Gordon | OF | Draft | 1990 | – | -0.1 | – | – | – | – | |
| Matt Grott | P | Rule 5 | 1991 | – | -0.1 | – | – | – | – | |
| Keith Hughes | OF | Free agency | 1992 | – | -0.1 | – | – | – | – | |
| Mike Figga | C | Draft | 1989 | – | -0.1 | – | – | – | – | |
| Shawn Barton | P | Free agency | 1994 | – | -0.1 | – | – | – | – | |
| Todd Benzinger | 1B | Free agency | 1993 | 2 | -0.1 | -0.0 | – | 1.8% | 0.28% | |
| Terry Bross | P | Free agency | 1993 | – | -0.1 | – | – | – | – | |
| Rich DeLucia | P | Trade | 1995 | 1 | -0.1 | -0.1 | +0.08 | 0.1% | 0.01% | |
| Tim Layana | P | Free agency | 1993 | – | -0.1 | – | – | – | – | |
| Dave McCarty | 1B/OF | Trade | 1995 | – | -0.1 | – | +0.32 | – | – | |
| Darryl Strawberry | OF | Free agency | 1994 | – | -0.1 | – | – | – | – | |
| Julián Tavárez | P | Trade | 1996 | 1 | -0.1 | -0.1 | +0.38 | 1.1% | 0.08% | |
| Keith Williams | OF | Draft | 1993 | – | -0.1 | – | – | – | – | |
| Brian Dorsett | C | Trade | 1989 | 1 | -0.1 | -0.1 | – | 0.2% | 0.03% | |
| Stan Jefferson | OF | Free agency | 1991 | – | -0.2 | – | – | – | – | |
| Scott Service | P | Free agency | 1992 | 1 | -0.2 | -0.2 | – | 0.2% | 0.03% | |
| Steve Balboni | 1B/DH | Trade | 1989 | 1 | -0.2 | -0.2 | – | – | – | |
| Andy Allanson | C | Free agency | 1993 | – | -0.2 | – | – | – | – | |
| Mark Lewis | 2B/3B | Trade | 1996 | – | -0.2 | – | – | – | – | |
| Scott Service | P | Trade | 1995 | – | -0.2 | – | +0.32 | – | – | |
| Carlos Valderrama | OF | Intl FA | 1995 | – | -0.2 | – | – | – | – | |
| Dave Martinez | OF | Trade | 1993 | 1 | -0.2 | -0.2 | – | 1.4% | 0.21% | |
| Brian Koelling | 2B/SS | Draft | 1991 | – | -0.3 | – | – | – | – | |
| Scott Ruskin | P | Trade | 1991 | – | -0.3 | – | – | – | – | |
| Dan Wilson | C | Draft | 1990 | 1 | -0.3 | -0.3 | – | – | – | |
| Rick Wrona | C | Free agency | 1991 | – | -0.3 | – | – | – | – | |
| Jay Canizaro | 2B | Draft | 1993 | 1 | -0.3 | -0.3 | – | – | – | |
| Pat Gomez | P | Free agency | 1994 | – | -0.3 | – | – | – | – | |
| Kenny Greer | P | Free agency | 1994 | – | -0.3 | – | – | – | – | |
| Tony Menéndez | P | Free agency | 1993 | – | -0.3 | – | – | – | – | |
| Rich Monteleone | P | Free agency | 1993 | – | -0.3 | – | – | – | – | |
| Sergio Valdez | P | Free agency | 1995 | – | -0.3 | – | – | – | – | |
| Marcus Lawton | OF | Trade | 1989 | – | -0.4 | – | – | – | – | |
| Mel Hall | OF | Free agency | 1996 | – | -0.4 | – | – | – | – | |
| Desi Wilson | 1B | Trade | 1994 | – | -0.4 | – | – | – | – | |
| César Hernández | OF | Trade | 1991 | – | -0.5 | – | – | – | – | |
| Chad Mottola | OF | Draft | 1992 | – | -0.5 | – | – | – | – | |
| Steve Frey | P | Free agency | 1994 | – | -0.5 | – | – | – | – | |
| Jim Poole | P | Trade | 1996 | – | -0.5 | – | +0.00 | – | – | |
| Tim Costo | 1B/OF | Trade | 1991 | – | -0.6 | – | – | – | – | |
| Wilson Delgado | 2B/SS | Trade | 1995 | 1 | -0.6 | -0.6 | +0.29 | – | – | |
| Edwards Guzmán | C/3B | Draft | 1995 | – | -0.6 | – | – | – | – | |
| Andy Fox | 2B/SS | Draft | 1989 | 1 | -0.7 | -0.7 | – | – | – | |
| Steve Mintz | P | Trade | 1995 | – | -0.7 | – | – | – | – | |
| Don Carman | P | Free agency | 1991 | – | -0.9 | – | – | – | – | |
| Chris Hook | P | Trade | 1994 | – | -0.9 | – | – | – | – | |
| Doug Creek | P | Trade | 1995 | 1 | -1.0 | -1.0 | +0.08 | 0.1% | 0.01% | |
| Juan Samuel | 2B | Free agency | 1992 | – | -1.1 | – | – | – | – | |
| Mike Blowers | 3B | Trade | 1989 | – | -1.2 | – | – | – | – | |
| Eric Owens | OF | Draft | 1992 | 1 | -1.7 | -1.7 | – | – | – | |
| José Bautista | P | Free agency | 1995 | – | -2.1 | – | – | – | – |
Trade-side columns: RFA is playoff-readiness percentage points added to the future roster foundation. It grades the franchise's entire side of a trade, so the same score repeats for every player acquired in that package. PPA/CPA remain player-level arrival-year probability points.
WAB = wins above what the team's payroll predicted (resource-controlled). WAR surplus = era-neutral value (WAR minus payroll in win-equivalents). Roster surplus $M = dollar value of WAR over cost. Build channels (realized fWAR): HG = home-grown via amateur draft / international signing; Trade = acquired minus surrendered (incl. purchases/waivers); FA = signed minus walked; R5 = Rule-5 / minor-league-draft pickups. Credit follows the acquisition year — home-grown to the regime at the player's draft/signing (not whoever was in the chair when he peaked), trade/FA/R5 to the GM who made the move. Players acquired as prospects before debuting (e.g. Smoltz, Bagwell; Rule-5 picks like Uggla) are counted as trade/R5, not home-grown. All are franchise-level outcomes during the stint, not solely attributable to one executive.