Sep 13, 1925 (Baltimore, MD) – Jun 30, 2014 (Easton, MD) · died at 88
Built champions in two cities — the powerhouse 1970s Baltimore Orioles and the 1986 World Series champion New York Mets.
Across the full 8-season sample, the measured profile stands out most for avoidance of negative WAR (99th percentile), championship leverage per acquired WAR (96th percentile), and payroll-adjusted roster quality (94th percentile). The clearest contrast is drafted-player surplus (22nd percentile): drafted players have created less surplus value than for most peers.
8 seasons with salary-era data across 3 stints. All figures are franchise-level outcomes during the tenure, not solely attributable to one executive.
★ 1 title · 1 pennant · 2 playoff appearances · 712–581 (0.551)
| Team | Role | Year | Pay $M |
Rel Pay |
Surp $M |
Surp WAR |
Dead % |
Cheap $M |
Draft $M |
Trd $M |
Int'l $M |
$ / WAR |
WAR | Depth | Dead WAR |
HG | Trade | Net/ Trd |
FA | R5 | RFA | PPA | CPA | WAB | TAB | W-L% | PO | Pen | WS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GM | 1985 98–64 | $11 | 108 | -0 | -2.0 | 20% | +3 | +3 | -0 | -0 | $0.2M | 45.1 | 8.0 | -4.0 | +9.0 | -26.5 | -3.78 | -0.2 | +0.0 | +15.1 | +9.9 | 0.605 | |||||||
| GM | 1986 108–54 | $15 | 130 | +1 | +4.6 | 30% | +4 | +2 | +2 | +1 | $0.3M | 54.1 | 12.0 | -0.9 | -0.3 | +19.5 | +2.44 | +0.8 | +0.0 | 2.68 | 1.21 | +22.7 | +16.6 | 0.667 | ✓ | ✓ | ★ | ||
| GM | 1987 92–70 | $14 | 131 | -1 | -2.2 | 16% | +3 | +2 | +1 | +0 | $0.3M | 48.2 | 10.0 | -0.4 | +17.1 | +27.1 | +3.39 | -7.6 | -0.3 | 6.56 | 0.66 | +6.6 | +10.7 | 0.568 | |||||
| GM | 1988 100–60 | $16 | 132 | +1 | +4.6 | 9% | +4 | +2 | +3 | -0 | $0.3M | 55.4 | 12.0 | -1.9 | -1.1 | +0.6 | +0.11 | -2.6 | +0.0 | 0.85 | 1.80 | +15.5 | +18.5 | 0.625 | ✓ | ||||
| GM | 1989 87–75 | $21 | 153 | -5 | -12.6 | 31% | +2 | +1 | +1 | -0 | $0.4M | 45.7 | 9.0 | -1.3 | +0.8 | +11.3 | +1.26 | +1.1 | +0.0 | 7.08 | 0.55 | -0.4 | +6.4 | 0.537 | |||||
| GM | 1990 91–71 | $22 | 129 | +1 | +1.7 | 21% | +3 | +2 | +1 | -0 | $0.4M | 50.7 | 9.0 | -3.0 | +0.3 | -0.1 | -0.01 | -3.0 | +0.1 | 3.71 | 1.03 | +5.8 | +13.4 | 0.562 | |||||
| GM | 1991 77–84 | $31 | 135 | -10 | -16.6 | 14% | +3 | +0 | +2 | +0 | $0.8M | 34.7 | 5.0 | -3.6 | +48.0 | +12.0 | +1.99 | +10.1 | +0.0 | 2.12 | 0.19 | -8.2 | -3.0 | 0.478 | |||||
| GM | 1993 59–103 | $38 | 119 | -19 | -23.2 | 28% | +2 | +0 | +2 | +0 | $1.3M | 25.5 | 4.0 | -4.0 | +8.2 | +0.7 | +0.23 | -8.5 | -0.0 | 0.17 | 0.06 | -25.2 | -10.8 | 0.364 | |||||
| Career total (1985+ data) | $166 | 130 | -31 | -45.9 | 21% | +3 | +2 | +2 | +0 | $0.4M | 359.4 | 8.6 | -2.4 | +200.3 | +81.7 | +0.91 | -10.3 | +0.3 | – | 3.35 | 0.66 | +32.0 | +61.7 | 0.551 | 2 | 1 | 1 | ||
Acquired minus surrendered / signed minus walked.
| Player | Pos | Team | How | Year | Szns | fWAR | WAR/yr | RFA | PPA | CPA |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dwight Gooden | P | Draft | 1982 | 10 | +47.8 | +4.8 | – | – | – | |
| Edgardo Alfonzo | 2B/3B | Intl FA | 1991 | 8 | +29.0 | +3.6 | – | – | – | |
| Sid Fernandez | P | Trade | 1983 | 9 | +27.5 | +3.1 | – | – | – | |
| Howard Johnson | 3B | Trade | 1984 | 8 | +22.8 | +2.8 | – | – | – | |
| David Cone | P | Trade | 1987 | 6 | +21.4 | +3.6 | – | 2.4% | 0.25% | |
| Eddie Murray | 1B | Draft | 1973 | 4 | +17.3 | +4.3 | – | – | – | |
| Keith Hernandez | 1B | Trade | 1983 | 5 | +16.5 | +3.3 | – | – | – | |
| Dave Magadan | 1B/3B | Draft | 1983 | 7 | +15.8 | +2.3 | – | – | – | |
| Kevin McReynolds | OF | Trade | 1986 | 6 | +15.1 | +2.5 | – | 14.5% | 1.45% | |
| Ron Darling | P | Trade | 1982 | 7 | +14.0 | +2.0 | – | – | – | |
| Gary Carter | C | Trade | 1984 | 4 | +12.8 | +3.2 | – | – | – | |
| Bobby Jones | P | Draft | 1991 | 8 | +12.7 | +1.6 | – | – | – | |
| Lenny Dykstra | OF | Draft | 1981 | 5 | +11.7 | +2.3 | – | – | – | |
| Todd Hundley | C | Draft | 1987 | 4 | +11.1 | +2.8 | – | – | – | |
| Bob Ojeda | P | Trade | 1985 | 5 | +10.9 | +2.2 | – | 10.4% | 4.70% | |
| Bret Saberhagen | P | Trade | 1991 | 4 | +10.8 | +2.7 | – | 0.5% | 0.12% | |
| Bobby Bonilla | 3B/OF | Free agency | 1991 | 4 | +8.1 | +2.0 | – | 0.4% | 0.09% | |
| Frank Viola | P | Trade | 1989 | 3 | +8.0 | +2.7 | – | 12.9% | 1.00% | |
| Gregg Jefferies | 1B/OF | Draft | 1985 | 5 | +7.0 | +1.4 | – | – | – | |
| Tim Teufel | 2B | Trade | 1986 | 5 | +6.5 | +1.3 | – | 1.2% | 0.54% | |
| Rick Aguilera | P | Draft | 1983 | 5 | +6.3 | +1.3 | – | – | – | |
| Kevin Elster | SS | Draft | 1984 | 7 | +4.8 | +0.7 | – | – | – | |
| Randy Myers | P | Draft | 1982 | 4 | +4.8 | +1.2 | – | – | – | |
| Wally Whitehurst | P | Trade | 1987 | 3 | +4.3 | +1.4 | – | – | – | |
| Jason Isringhausen | P | Draft | 1991 | 3 | +4.1 | +1.4 | – | – | – | |
| Mike Flanagan | P | Draft | 1973 | 4 | +3.9 | +1.0 | – | – | – | |
| Eddie Murray | 1B | Free agency | 1991 | 2 | +3.8 | +1.9 | – | 0.5% | 0.13% | |
| Daryl Boston | OF | Trade | 1990 | 3 | +3.5 | +1.2 | – | 5.9% | 1.65% | |
| John Franco | P | Trade | 1989 | 11 | +3.4 | +0.3 | – | 4.5% | 1.24% | |
| Roger McDowell | P | Draft | 1982 | 4 | +3.4 | +0.9 | – | – | – | |
| Benny Agbayani | OF | Draft | 1993 | 2 | +2.7 | +1.4 | – | – | – | |
| Mackey Sasser | C | Trade | 1988 | 4 | +2.7 | +0.7 | – | 0.2% | 0.46% | |
| Pete Schourek | P | Draft | 1987 | 3 | +2.6 | +0.9 | – | – | – | |
| Vance Wilson | C | Draft | 1993 | 4 | +2.5 | +0.6 | – | – | – | |
| Anthony Young | P | Draft | 1987 | 3 | +2.4 | +0.8 | – | – | – | |
| Rey Ordóñez | SS | Intl FA | 1993 | 5 | +2.4 | +0.5 | – | – | – | |
| Charlie O'Brien | C | Trade | 1990 | 4 | +2.3 | +0.6 | – | 0.7% | 0.20% | |
| Ray Knight | 3B | Trade | 1984 | 1 | +2.2 | +2.2 | – | – | – | |
| Terry Leach | P | Draft | 1985 | 4 | +2.0 | +0.5 | – | – | – | |
| Rick Cerone | C | Free agency | 1991 | 1 | +1.9 | +1.9 | – | 4.1% | 0.37% | |
| Danny Heep | OF | Trade | 1982 | 2 | +1.8 | +0.9 | – | – | – | |
| Mark Carreon | 1B/OF | Draft | 1981 | 3 | +1.7 | +0.6 | – | – | – | |
| Vince Coleman | OF | Free agency | 1990 | 3 | +1.7 | +0.6 | – | 1.8% | 0.16% | |
| George Foster | OF | Trade | 1982 | 2 | +1.7 | +0.9 | – | – | – | |
| Bill Pulsipher | P | Draft | 1991 | 2 | +1.7 | +0.8 | – | – | – | |
| Keith Miller | 2B/OF | Intl FA | 1984 | 3 | +1.6 | +0.5 | – | – | – | |
| John Mitchell | P | Trade | 1985 | 1 | +1.6 | +1.6 | – | – | – | |
| Alejandro Peña | P | Trade | 1989 | 2 | +1.4 | +0.7 | – | 5.0% | 1.40% | |
| Frank Tanana | P | Trade | 1993 | 1 | +1.1 | +1.1 | – | 0.2% | 0.06% | |
| Jeromy Burnitz | OF | Draft | 1990 | 3 | +1.0 | +0.3 | – | – | – | |
| Eric Hillman | P | Draft | 1987 | 1 | +1.0 | +1.0 | – | – | – | |
| Dave Gallagher | OF | Free agency | 1993 | 1 | +1.0 | +1.0 | – | 0.2% | 0.06% | |
| Mike Maddux | P | Trade | 1993 | 1 | +0.9 | +0.9 | – | 0.2% | 0.06% | |
| Butch Huskey | OF | Draft | 1989 | 2 | +0.8 | +0.4 | – | – | – | |
| John Cangelosi | OF | Free agency | 1993 | 1 | +0.8 | +0.8 | – | 0.6% | 0.11% | |
| Juan Samuel | 2B | Trade | 1989 | 1 | +0.8 | +0.8 | – | 5.5% | 0.43% | |
| Jason Jacome | P | Draft | 1991 | 1 | +0.7 | +0.7 | – | – | – | |
| Willie Randolph | 2B | Free agency | 1991 | 1 | +0.7 | +0.7 | – | 0.2% | 0.05% | |
| Octavio Dotel | P | Intl FA | 1993 | 1 | +0.7 | +0.7 | – | – | – | |
| Alberto Castillo | C | Intl FA | 1987 | 2 | +0.5 | +0.2 | – | – | – | |
| Jeff Innis | P | Draft | 1983 | 4 | +0.5 | +0.1 | – | – | – | |
| Jim Lindeman | 1B/OF | Free agency | 1993 | 1 | +0.5 | +0.5 | – | 0.4% | 0.07% | |
| Tom O'Malley | 3B | Trade | 1989 | 2 | +0.5 | +0.3 | – | 1.9% | 0.15% | |
| Hubie Brooks | 3B/OF | Trade | 1990 | 1 | +0.4 | +0.4 | – | – | – | |
| Ed Hearn | C | Trade | 1986 | 1 | +0.4 | +0.4 | – | – | – | |
| Bill Latham | P | Intl FA | 1981 | 1 | +0.4 | +0.4 | – | – | – | |
| Randy Niemann | P | Trade | 1985 | 2 | +0.4 | +0.2 | – | – | – | |
| Darren Reed | OF | Trade | 1987 | 1 | +0.4 | +0.4 | – | – | – | |
| Pat Tabler | 1B/DH | Trade | 1990 | 1 | +0.4 | +0.4 | – | 1.5% | 0.43% | |
| Tim Bogar | SS | Draft | 1987 | 3 | +0.3 | +0.1 | – | – | – | |
| Lou Thornton | DH/OF | Free agency | 1989 | 1 | +0.3 | +0.3 | – | – | – | |
| David West | P | Draft | 1983 | 1 | +0.3 | +0.3 | – | – | – | |
| Tim Burke | P | Trade | 1991 | 2 | +0.3 | +0.1 | – | 0.5% | 0.04% | |
| Tony Fernández | SS | Trade | 1993 | 1 | +0.3 | +0.3 | – | 0.0% | 0.02% | |
| Blaine Beatty | P | Trade | 1987 | 2 | +0.2 | +0.1 | – | – | – | |
| Stan Jefferson | OF | Draft | 1983 | 1 | +0.2 | +0.2 | – | – | – | |
| Eric Gunderson | P | Free agency | 1993 | 2 | +0.2 | +0.1 | – | 0.1% | 0.01% | |
| Doug Linton | P | Free agency | 1993 | 1 | +0.2 | +0.2 | – | 0.1% | 0.02% | |
| Brook Fordyce | C | Draft | 1989 | 1 | +0.1 | +0.1 | – | – | – | |
| Dave Liddell | C | Trade | 1986 | 1 | +0.1 | +0.1 | – | – | – | |
| Rodney McCray | DH/OF | Free agency | 1991 | 1 | +0.1 | +0.1 | – | 0.0% | 0.01% | |
| Doug Simons | P | Rule 5 | 1990 | 1 | +0.1 | +0.1 | – | – | – | |
| Steve Springer | 3B | Free agency | 1991 | 1 | +0.1 | +0.1 | – | – | – | |
| Kenny Greer | P | Trade | 1993 | 1 | +0.1 | +0.1 | – | – | – | |
| Dan Schatzeder | P | Trade | 1990 | 1 | +0.1 | +0.1 | – | 0.4% | 0.11% | |
| Paul Gibson | P | Trade | 1993 | 1 | +0.1 | +0.1 | – | 0.0% | 0.01% | |
| Rich Dauer | 2B | Draft | 1974 | – | -0.0 | – | – | – | – | |
| Dennis Martínez | P | Intl FA | 1973 | 2 | +0.0 | +0.0 | – | – | – | |
| Bruce Berenyi | P | Trade | 1984 | 1 | -0.0 | -0.0 | – | – | – | |
| Terry Bross | P | Draft | 1987 | – | -0.0 | – | – | – | – | |
| John Candelaria | P | Trade | 1987 | 1 | +0.0 | +0.0 | – | 1.9% | 0.20% | |
| Mario Díaz | SS | Trade | 1990 | – | -0.0 | – | – | – | – | |
| Tom Filer | P | Free agency | 1991 | – | -0.0 | – | – | – | – | |
| Wes Gardner | P | Draft | 1982 | – | -0.0 | – | – | – | – | |
| Bob Gibson | P | Free agency | 1987 | 1 | +0.0 | +0.0 | – | 0.1% | 0.01% | |
| Pat Howell | OF | Draft | 1987 | 1 | +0.0 | +0.0 | – | – | – | |
| Randy Milligan | 1B | Draft | 1981 | 1 | +0.0 | +0.0 | – | – | – | |
| Bill Pecota | 3B/SS | Trade | 1991 | 1 | +0.0 | +0.0 | – | 0.0% | 0.00% | |
| Craig Shipley | 3B/SS | Trade | 1988 | 1 | +0.0 | +0.0 | – | 0.2% | 0.02% | |
| Kevin Tapani | P | Trade | 1987 | – | -0.0 | – | – | – | – | |
| Kelvin Torve | 1B | Free agency | 1989 | 1 | -0.0 | -0.0 | – | 0.6% | 0.16% | |
| Julio Valera | P | Intl FA | 1986 | 1 | -0.0 | -0.0 | – | – | – | |
| Joe Vitko | P | Draft | 1989 | – | -0.0 | – | – | – | – | |
| Pete Walker | P | Draft | 1990 | 2 | +0.0 | +0.0 | – | – | – | |
| Gene Walter | P | Trade | 1986 | 1 | -0.0 | -0.0 | – | 0.1% | 0.14% | |
| Charlie Greene | C | Rule 5 | 1993 | – | -0.0 | – | – | – | – | |
| Ced Landrum | OF | Free agency | 1993 | – | -0.0 | – | – | – | – | |
| Mickey Weston | P | Free agency | 1993 | 1 | +0.0 | +0.0 | – | – | – | |
| Bill Almon | SS | Trade | 1987 | 1 | +0.0 | +0.0 | – | 0.3% | 0.03% | |
| Manny Hernández | P | Trade | 1989 | 1 | +0.0 | +0.0 | – | 0.1% | 0.01% | |
| Bob McClure | P | Trade | 1988 | 1 | +0.0 | +0.0 | – | 0.0% | 0.02% | |
| Ed Núñez | P | Trade | 1988 | 1 | +0.0 | +0.0 | – | 0.0% | 0.07% | |
| Jeff Barry | OF | Trade | 1991 | – | -0.1 | – | – | – | – | |
| Juan Castillo | P | Intl FA | 1988 | – | -0.1 | – | – | – | – | |
| Tony Castillo | P | Trade | 1991 | 1 | -0.1 | -0.1 | – | 0.5% | 0.05% | |
| Tim Corcoran | 1B/OF | Free agency | 1986 | – | -0.1 | – | – | – | – | |
| Lee Mazzilli | OF | Free agency | 1986 | 3 | -0.1 | -0.0 | – | – | – | |
| Rich Sauveur | P | Free agency | 1991 | – | -0.1 | – | – | – | – | |
| Calvin Schiraldi | P | Draft | 1983 | – | -0.1 | – | – | – | – | |
| Don Schulze | P | Trade | 1987 | – | -0.1 | – | – | – | – | |
| Dave Telgheder | P | Draft | 1989 | 1 | -0.1 | -0.1 | – | – | – | |
| Frank Seminara | P | Trade | 1993 | – | -0.1 | – | – | – | – | |
| Jeff Tam | P | Intl FA | 1993 | – | -0.1 | – | – | – | – | |
| Joe Crawford | P | Draft | 1991 | – | -0.2 | – | – | – | – | |
| D. J. Dozier | OF | Intl FA | 1990 | – | -0.2 | – | – | – | – | |
| Tom Edens | P | Trade | 1984 | – | -0.2 | – | – | – | – | |
| Chris Jelic | OF | Trade | 1987 | – | -0.2 | – | – | – | – | |
| Aaron Ledesma | SS | Draft | 1990 | – | -0.2 | – | – | – | – | |
| Joe Sambito | P | Trade | 1985 | – | -0.2 | – | – | – | – | |
| Pete Smith | P | Trade | 1993 | – | -0.2 | – | – | – | – | |
| Sammy Stewart | P | Intl FA | 1975 | – | -0.3 | – | – | – | – | |
| Terry Blocker | OF | Draft | 1981 | – | -0.3 | – | – | – | – | |
| Chuck Carr | OF | Trade | 1988 | – | -0.3 | – | – | – | – | |
| John Christensen | OF | Draft | 1981 | – | -0.3 | – | – | – | – | |
| Chris Donnels | 3B | Draft | 1987 | 1 | -0.3 | -0.3 | – | – | – | |
| Clint Hurdle | OF | Trade | 1985 | 1 | -0.3 | -0.3 | – | – | – | |
| Barry Lyons | C | Draft | 1982 | 2 | -0.3 | -0.1 | – | – | – | |
| Terry McDaniel | OF | Draft | 1986 | – | -0.3 | – | – | – | – | |
| Jeff McKnight | 1B/2B | Draft | 1983 | 2 | -0.3 | -0.1 | – | – | – | |
| Rick Parker | OF | Free agency | 1993 | – | -0.3 | – | – | – | – | |
| Tom Herr | 2B | Trade | 1991 | 1 | -0.3 | -0.3 | – | 0.3% | 0.02% | |
| Don Aase | P | Free agency | 1989 | – | -0.4 | – | – | – | – | |
| Jeff Gardner | 2B | Intl FA | 1984 | – | -0.4 | – | – | – | – | |
| Tom Gorman | P | Trade | 1982 | – | -0.4 | – | – | – | – | |
| Tito Navarro | SS | Intl FA | 1987 | – | -0.4 | – | – | – | – | |
| Ricky Otero | OF | Draft | 1990 | – | -0.4 | – | – | – | – | |
| Doug Saunders | 2B | Draft | 1988 | – | -0.4 | – | – | – | – | |
| Jonathan Hurst | P | Free agency | 1993 | – | -0.4 | – | – | – | – | |
| Kevin Baez | SS | Draft | 1988 | – | -0.6 | – | – | – | – | |
| Mike Remlinger | P | Free agency | 1993 | – | -0.6 | – | – | – | – | |
| Joe Orsulak | OF | Trade | 1993 | 1 | -0.6 | -0.6 | – | 0.2% | 0.05% |
Trade-side columns: RFA is playoff-readiness percentage points added to the future roster foundation. It grades the franchise's entire side of a trade, so the same score repeats for every player acquired in that package. PPA/CPA remain player-level arrival-year probability points.
WAB = wins above what the team's payroll predicted (resource-controlled). WAR surplus = era-neutral value (WAR minus payroll in win-equivalents). Roster surplus $M = dollar value of WAR over cost. Build channels (realized fWAR): HG = home-grown via amateur draft / international signing; Trade = acquired minus surrendered (incl. purchases/waivers); FA = signed minus walked; R5 = Rule-5 / minor-league-draft pickups. Credit follows the acquisition year — home-grown to the regime at the player's draft/signing (not whoever was in the chair when he peaked), trade/FA/R5 to the GM who made the move. Players acquired as prospects before debuting (e.g. Smoltz, Bagwell; Rule-5 picks like Uggla) are counted as trade/R5, not home-grown. All are franchise-level outcomes during the stint, not solely attributable to one executive.